تفشي مرض الجدري المائي

The global mpox outbreak has been a WHO graded level 3 acute emergency since August 2024. All clades of mpox virus (MPXV) continue to circulate. Unless mpox outbreaks are rapidly contained and human-to-human transmission is interrupted, there is a risk of sustained community transmission. Fifteen countries in Africa reported active transmission of mpox in December 2025 and January 2026.  Countries reporting the highest number of cases in this period are the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, Madagascar, Liberia and Ghana. Outside Africa, community transmission of clade Ib MPXV continues to be reported in France, Italy and Spain. Investigations are ongoing for the case reported in Czechia.

Vulnerable groups, particularly children, pregnant women and people living with HIV, continue to face higher risks for severe disease and death. Yet response efforts face numerous operational challenges. Attention to including social, political and contextual evidence across pillars of the emergency response can assist in addressing these challenges.