Places that are both recovering from violent conflict and dependent on natural recourses face the overlapping challenges of reducing the risk of recurring conflict, promoting economic recovery, and ensuring sustainable environmental management: all challenges exacerbated by climate change.

This article examines how climate change alters conflict outcomes and vulnerability in Karamoja, Uganda, a region recovering from decades of intense violence. The impacts of climate change, when taken in combination with region-wide changes in land use, have contributed to new forms of localized conflicts including resource-related conflict, theft, and intrahousehold violence.