This report by Amnesty International describes the serious and significant mental health impact of South Sudan’s conflict to highlight the urgency for more attention and resources to improve the availability, accessibility, and quality of mental health services in the country. Drawing on interviews with internally displaced people, national and international government and humanitarian actors, the authors chart the extreme psychological distress felt by many, and how few of those affected had been able to access mental health or psychological support services. The authors argue that restoring mental health is a prerequisite for achieving and maintaining peace, stability, and reconciliation.