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Briefings
Famine in Somalia: Causes and Solutions
The UN announcement of famine in Somalia is both a wake-up call to the scale of this disaster, and a wake-up call to the solutions needed to limit death-from-hunger now and in the future. So, what is famine and how…
Briefings
Understanding the Economic Effects of the 2014 Ebola Outbreak in West Africa
Since March 2014, over 3,000 people have died from the relentless spread of the Ebola virus throughout the West African countries of Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Nigeria. Despite the heroic efforts of the humanitarian and medical professionals in these countries, crumbling public health…
Foresight Papers
Humanitarian Trends in Southern Africa: Challenges and Opportunities
This research was prompted by a growing consensus that “the nature of humanitarian emergencies is changing” (UNOCHA, 2011a), with future emergencies increasingly driven over time by “a combination of complex and inter-related circumstances”, rather than single, identifiable shocks (ibid). Such…
Background Reports
Health and Climate Change: Key Linkages in Southern Africa
Climate change has major health implications for developing countries but the links are often not well understood. This report describes the current and predicted climate impacts on human health in southern Africa. It presents a view of existing health vulnerabilities…
Background Reports
A Public Health Approach to the Impact of Climate Change on Health in Southern Africa – Identifying Priority Modifiable Risks
Anthropogenic climate change and anticipated adverse effects on human health as outlined by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are taken as givens. A conceptual model for thinking about the spectrum of climate-related health risks ranging from distal and…
Evidence Reviews
Foresight Papers
Potential Impact of Climate Change on Livestock Production and Health in East Africa: A Review
Agriculture and livestock are amongst the most climate sensitive economic sectors in the developing countries whilst the rural poor communities are more vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change. Climate change is real and is happening now. Current knowledge…
Evidence Reviews
Managing Climate Extremes and Disasters in Africa: Lessons from the IPCC SREX report
The Special Report on Managing the Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to AdvanceClimate Change Adaptation(SREX) was commissioned by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)in response to a recognised need to provide specific advice on climate change, extreme weather…
Evidence Reviews
Climate Change and Health in SADC Region: Review of the Current State of Knowledge
Evidence shows that the SADC region is experiencing increasing frequency of hot days and decreasing frequency of extremely cold days. Rainfall trends are variable but evidence points to an increased inter-annual variability, with extremely wet periods and more intense droughts…
Evidence Reviews
El Niño: Overview of Impact, Projected Humanitarian Needs and Response as of 02 June 2016
The humanitarian impact of the 2015-2016 El Niño remains deeply alarming, now affecting over 60 million people. Central America, East Africa (particularly Ethiopia), the Pacific and Southern Africa remain the most affected regions. The El Niño phenomenon is now in decline, but projections indicate the situation will worsen…
Background Reports
Climate Change and Health across Africa: Issues and Options
This working paper lays out the current state of knowledge regarding direct and indirect impacts of environmental factors on health across Africa. While there are many uncertainties in magnitudes of climate change, particularly with timing, the existing literature makes interesting…
Briefings
Impacts on Health of Climate Extremes
This chapter summarizes what is known about the historical effects of climate extremes on human health. The following section describes studies of infectious diseases and climate extremes related to El Niño Southern Oscillation. The next considers the impacts of short-term…
Briefings
Community-Based Approach to Improve Access to Prevention of Mother-to-Child Transmission Programmes in Dukwi Refugee Camp, Botswana
Prior to the UNHCR community-based PMTCT protocol, pregnant refugee women living with HIV were unable to access essential PMTCT services. Refugee women are now able to have access to a comprehensive PMTCT programme.
