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Background report
Where Are The Girls? Girls in Fighting Forces in Northern Uganda, Sierra Leone and Mozambique: Their Lives During and After War
This study contributes to what is currently known about the experiences of girls in fighting forces as distinct from those of boys. It is meant to assist policymakers in developing policies and programs to help protect and empower girls in…
Evidence review
Challenges of Post-Conflict Recovery!
This document highlights on issues of Peace Recovery Development Plan (PRDP) and health service delivery in northern Uganda.The report reviews an assessment surrounding the recent influx of asylum seekers and refugees from South Sudan to Uganda and summarises its key…
Not As Simple As ABC: Christian Fundamentalisms and HIV and AIDS Responses in Africa
HIV and AIDS remains a starkly gendered epidemic in the African region. Sub-Saharan Africans represent 68 percent of HIV+ people globally, with an average of 13 women infected for every 10 men. While men as a group have lower prevalence…
Background report
International Peacekeeping: Special Issue: HIV/AIDS and Post-Conflict Societies in Africa
Intorductory article to edition of International Peacekeeping which explores HIV/AIDS in post-conflict societies in Africa. It assesses the key aspects of these societies that contribute towards the spread and impact of the epidemic, such as poorly functioning national health systems,…
Background report
Ebola and Beyond: Equality, Sustainability, Security – Interlaced Challenges in a Global Development Era
The 2014 Ebola crisis in West Africa is a global emergency and a set of personal tragedies. But beyond the urgent headlines and struggles to control the epidemic, what deeper stories should be told? This paper, originally presented as a…
Evidence review
Knowledge Management in Practice – Implementing Effective Knowledge Management in Emergencies: A Case Study from Somalia WASH Cluster
In the last two decades few countries have experienced a more protracted emergency than Somalia. Absence of a functioning central government and the ongoing conflict have led to a lack of access to basic social services, resulting in the country…
Background report
Human Rights and the HIV Response: Eastern and Southern Africa Region
Key populations, specifically people who sell sex (PWSS), people who inject drugs (PWID) and lesbian, and gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) people experience significant human rights violations which underpin the continued high HIV incidence in these populations.This rapid assessment…
Evidence review
Drought-Ravaged Malawi Faces Largest Humanitarian Emergency in its History
With 6.5 million people in need of humanitarian aid, this year’s El Nino–induced drought constitutes the largest humanitarian emergency that Malawi has ever confronted. It also brings the second consecutive harvest failure to this small, landlocked country, which has yet…
Evidence review
Coming of Age: Communication’s Role in Powering Global Health
Communication has been a consistent current running through many major health developments of recent years. And yet, despite the demonstrated promise of communication as a tool for improving public health, not enough has been done to date to capitalise upon…
Evidence review
Still Left in the Dark? How People in Emergencies Use Communication to Survive – and How Humanitarian Agencies Can Help
In 2008, a BBC World Service Trust policy briefing argued that people affected by earthquakes, floods or other emergencies often lacked the information they needed to survive and that this only added to their stress and anxiety. Left in the…
Evidence review
Using Media and Communication to Respond to Public Health Emergencies: Lessons Learned from Ebola
Failings during the early months of the Ebola outbreak caused the epidemic to become an unprecedented health crisis in West Africa. This cannot be repeated.
Briefing
Understanding the Effect of Conflict on People and Households
During the last decade, there has been a particular focus of research on the economic and social impact of conflict. The evidence that has emerged shows that armed conflict takes a heavy toll on development and the welfare of the…
Blog
What does a decade of social sciences research tell us about health?
This blog relates to the Evidence Synthesis Research Award report and summary across health related research, from 122 research grants.
Briefing
Famine in Somalia and the Failure of Data-Driven Humanitarianism
Andrew Seal and Rob Bailey discuss the limitations of data-driven humanitarian efforts, and the lessons learned from the 2011 Somalia famine.
Briefing
Water and Sanitation in Humanitarian Emergencies
In a humanitarian crisis a population’s needs are great and many–for medical attention, shelter, safe water and adequate sanitation, food, and security. Disasters that occur in places that are already resource-poor and underserviced are more devastating than they might otherwise…
Briefing
Malaria Control in Emergencies: Time for Action
Estrella Lasry, Tropical Advisor to MSF, on measures taken by the organisation to predict and prevent malaria outbreaks in emergency situations.
Evidence review
Characteristics of the Colombian Armed Conflict and the Mental Health of Civilians Living in Active Conflict Zones
The fact that the Colombian armed conflict has continued for almost five decades there is still very little information on how it affects the mental health of civilians. Although it is well established in post-conflict populations that experience of organised…
Briefing
NCDs in Humanitarian Crisis
Access to essential medications, such as insulin, must be improved and the impact of NCD preventive activities and preparedness for crisis further addressed. Although this seems an insurmountable task, the impressive progress that has been made in the management of…
Evidence review
Health, Shocks and Poverty Persistence
In this paper we review the evidence on the impact of large shocks, such as drought, on child and adult health, with particular emphasis on Zimbabwe and Ethiopia. Our focus is on the impact of shocks on long-term outcomes, and…
Briefing
Rehabilitating Health Systems in Post-Conflict Situations
Although baseline data for post-conflict situations are frequently unavailable, there is a clear deterioration in the health conditions of populations during and following conflict. Excess mortality and morbidity, displaced populations, and vulnerability to communicable diseases during and following conflict all…
Evidence review
Interrelationships among Health, Environment Quality, and Economic Activity. What Consequences for Economic Convergence?
This paper examines the link between health indicators, environmental variables, and economic development, and the consequences of this relationship on economic convergence. In the early stage of economic development, the gain from income growth could be cancelled or mitigated by…
Evidence review
Health and the Urban Transition. Effects of Household Perceptions, Illness, and Environmental Pollution on Clean Water Investment
Recent efforts to reinvigorate the connections between urban planning and health have usefully brought the field back to one of its original roles. Current research, however, has focused on industrialized cities, overlooking some of the important urbanization processes in poor…
Evidence review
Health Shocks and Coping Strategies. State Health Insurance Scheme of Andhra Pradesh, India
The objectives of the study are three-fold: to investigate who are vulnerable to welfare loss from health shocks, what are the household responses to cope with the economic burden of health shocks and if policy responses like state health insurance…
Briefing
The Microeconomic Impact of Interventions Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria
While the majority of interventions against HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria had positive short-term effects, these were frequently not translated into long-term sustainable results.Cash transfers may have the potential of reducing HIV transmissions but the effect is so far insignificant.Increased access…
Briefing
Impact of Aid for Health and Education on Gender Equity and Human Development
Initial high human development index scores and per capita income have a strong impact on the outcomes of aid to the health and education sectors.An increase in the share of the government budget allocated to education and health improves overall…
Evidence review
Poor Health Reporting. Do Poor South Africans Underestimate Their Health Needs?
Researchers often rely on household survey data to investigate health disparities and the incidence and prevalence of illness. These self-reported health measures are often biased due to information asymmetry or differences in reference groups. Using the World Health Organization study…
Evidence review
Changes in Climatic Factors and Malaria in Uganda
The study examines the relationship between climatic factors and reported malaria cases using data from 12 districts in Uganda over the period 2000-2011. A panel dataset comprising temperature, temperature standard deviation; minimum humidity; maximum humidity; precipitation; precipitation standard deviation; malaria…
Evidence review
The Economics of Malaria in Africa
Malaria still claims a heavy human and economic toll, specifically in sub-Saharan Africa. Even though the causality between malaria and poverty is presumably bi-directional, malaria plays a role in the economic difficulties of the region. This article provides an analysis…
Briefing
Responding to Crises: What Can We Do? What’s Next?
Although sometimes over used, the word ‘crisis’ accurately describes many challenges of today’s world, such as climage change, war and refugees, economic volatility, pandemics, and the continuing unmet needs of the poor, hungry, and neglected. While much has been achieved — in…
Evidence review
Impact of Post-Conflict Development Interventions on Maternal Healthcare Utilization
We evaluate the effectiveness of a post-conflict development programme on maternal health-care utilization in the Chittagong Hill Tracts of Bangladesh. Our work varies from conventional impact evaluation studies because of the inclusion of two post-conflict psychosocial risks: the household’s actual…
Evidence review
Income and Malaria. Evidence from an Agricultural Intervention in Uganda
We exploit a spatial discontinuity in the coverage of an agricultural extension program in Uganda to causally identify its effects on malaria. We find that eligibility for the program reduced the incidence of malaria by 8.8 percentage points, with children…
Evidence review
Gold Mining Pollution and the Cost of Private Healthcare: The Case of Ghana
To attract greater levels of foreign direct investment into their gold mining sectors, many mineral-rich countries in sub-Saharan Africa have been willing to overlook serious instances of mining company non-compliance with environmental standards. These lapses in regulatory oversight and enforcement…
Evidence review
Outbreak of Unknown Origin in the Tripoint Zone
Guillaume Lachenal traces the urgent past of the current ebola outbreak, offering some surprising lessons about borders.
Evidence review
Medical Vulnerability, or Where There Is No Kit
Where there is no kit and no infrastructure, there is vulnerability. Peter Redfield explores the role of medical humanitarian response in the Ebola crisis.
Evidence review
Ebola, 1995/2014
Nicholas B. King looks back at the dialectics of confidence and paranoia in the Ebola outbreaks of 1995 and 2014.
